M.A. English

Each course British Poetry British Drama British Novel Aspects of Language will comprise one assignment of 100 marks. This assignment be tutor marked. Aims: The TMAs are conceffred rrainly with assessing your application and understanding of the course material. You are not required to reproduce chunks of information from the course material but to use the skills of critical appreciation that you may have acquired during the course of study. These assignments airn to teach as well as to assess your performance.Please ensure that you read the texts and the ccompanying study guides that we have prepared for you. Let rne repeat: you must read all the texts prescribed. Do make points as you go along. It there is anything you do not understand, please ask your Counsellor at the Study Centre for clarification. Once you are able to do the assignments satisfactorily, you will be ready to take the exam Nith confidence. Instructions: Before attclnpting the assignment please read the following instructions carefully. 2 3 Read the detailed instructicns about the assignments given in the Programme Guide Elective Courses.Write your roll 1 ro. aflle, full address and date on the top right corner of the first page of your response sheet(s). Write the Course Title, Assignment Number and the Narne of the Study Centre you are attached to in the centre ofthe first page ofyour response sheet(s). The top of the first page of your response sheet should look like this: Use only foolscap size paper for your response and tag all the pages caref-ully. Write the relevant question nuinber with each answer.You should write in your own handwriting Submission: T'he completed assignment should be sent to the Coordinator of the Study Centre allotted to you ty 3tr† March, 2aL4 gar Juty 2013 Session) and 30'h Sept 201 i (for January 2014 Session). Please react the instructions given in the Programme Now read the following guidelines carefully before answering the questions. GUIDELINES FOR T MA You will find it useful to keep the following points in mind: 1. Planning: Read the assignment carefully. Make some points regarding each question and then rearrange these in a logical order.And please write the answers n your own words† Do not not reproduce passages from the units. 2. 0rganisation: Be a little more selective and analytic before drawing up a rough outline of your answer. In an essay-type question, give adequate attention to your introduction and conclusion. The introduction must offer your brief interpretation of the question and how you propose to develop it. The conclusion must summarize your response to the question. In the course of your answer, you may like to make references to other texts or critics as this will add some depth to your analysis.Make sure that your answer: ) is logical and coherent; b) has clear connections between sentences and paragraphs; c) is written correctly giving adequate consideration to your expression, style and presentation ; d) does not exceed the number of words indicated in your question. 3. Presentation: Once you are satisfied with your answers. you can write down the final version for submission, writing each answer neatly arid underlining the points you wish to emphasize. You may be aware that you need to submit your assignment hefore you can appear for the Term End Exams.Please remember to keep a copy of your completed ssignment, Just in case the one you submitted is lost in transit. Good luck with your work! Note: Remember the submission of ussignment is precondition of permission of appearing in examination. If you have not submitted the assignment in time you will not be allowed to appear in examination. MEG-OI: BRITISH POETRY Programme: MEG Max. Marks: 1 Ast code: MEG-OI ,TMA12013-1 4 In a conventional class your teacher would have discussed your assignment with you, pointed out what made a good essay and what a bad one. We have done exactly the same thing in Unit 52 of the British Poetry (M EG-OI) course.Read it carefully and discuss it with your counselor and class-fellows at the Study Centre. Thereafter decide upon a topic, i. e. a period or literary group in the history of British poetry. you may, if you wish, select a topic from the list given in sz. z. t (p. 70) in Block X. Alternatively, you could write on a British poet of your choice. you may write on a poet discussed in the units, i. e. on the syllabus, or even a poet we have not discussed in detail such as Robert Burns, G. M. Hopkins, R. S. Thomas, Ted Hughes or Seamus Heaney. You may have heard some of our lectures on The Movement, Philip Larkin nd Ted Hughes on the EduSat.It may now be available on e-gyankosh on wmw. ignou. ac. in You have yet another choice. Write an essay on a famous poem in English literature. Having decide upon your topic, do your research and then read section 36. 5 in Unit 36 in Block VIII for a model essay and a format for presentation. you may learn how to present your term paper/se ssional essay from 36. 5. You must not quote from unacknowledged sou rces. To sum up, write an essay on a period or a literarv group in British poetry or a British poet or a British poem in about 3000 words on the model provided in 36. (in unit 36).The full marks for the essay is 100. We look forward to reading your sessional essay. Sincerely yours Teacher MEG-02: BRITISH DRAMA (Based on Blocks 1-9) Programme Code: MEG Assignment code: N{EG-02 120 1 3-201 4 Maximum Marks: Answer the fbllowing questions in 300 words each. Discuss 2. the plot ot Dr. Faustus. l{ow would you rate A Mid,cummer Night's Dream 3. Clomment on the indecisive bent of mind of Hamlet. (10) 4. What features make Alchemisl an allegory? 5. How is Playboy relevant as a comedy? today? 6. Comment on Pygmalion as a Shavian play. 7. What fbatures make Murder in the Catherlral a poetic drama? 8.Conrnrent on the title of 9. Waiting. tttr Discuss the theme of Look Back in Anger. 10. Irrorn among the plays you have read cho ose any one that you have liked giving reasons lor your choice.Trace the development of modern English fiction with specific referenc6 to the major shifts in literary perspective during the nineteenth century. 20 2. Would it be correct to say that in Tom Jones, Fielding considers mariage to be a ere socio- economic arrangement under which women feel continuously suppressed?Discuss. 3. Discuss the metaphor of the web in the context of events and people relating to Bulstrode in Middlemarch. 4 Suggest the political and artistic implications ot placing the Orientalist paradigm. 5. How does Realism ftnd expression in ofl Passage to British fiction of the 1960s? Base your answer on your understanding of The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie. MEG. 04: ASPECTS OF LANGUAGE course code: All questions are compulsory Write short notes on any two of the following. Competence and performanceLangue and parole Conversion as a morphological device Falling tone and rising tone the conclusion India within sta ge. brietly the history ot language planning snowing clearly the tocus at each Give your own definiti* of language. What are the characteristics of human communication and how is it different from animal communication? 20 What is foregrounding? Discuss this in terms of deviant examples from your reading of literature. ‘Pick out your own examples; say how they are deviant, and what is the impact on the reader. What is the difference between pure vowels and diphthongs? How do you describe both?

Counselling Interview Skills Essay

I declare that this assessment is my own work, based on my own personal research/study . I also declare that this assessment, nor parts of it, has not been previously submitted for any other unit/module or course, and that I have not copied in part or whole or otherwise plagiarised the work of another student and/or persons. I have read the ACAP Student Plagiarism and Academic Misconduct Policy and understand its implications. I also declare, if this is a practical skills assessment, that a Client/Interviewee Consent Form has been read and signed by both parties, and where applicable parental consent has been obtained. Reflective report. During this module I have learnt how important it is to keep in mind that everyone has a set of values and beliefs. I have learnt the importance of knowing what your values and beliefs are, in order to be an effective counsellor. Client’s values and beliefs may be very different to my own, but that does not mean that they are wrong. Some of my values are to treat people with respect and to try and be empathetic to others. I think these values will help me be a good counsellor in that if the client feels respected and understood, they will feel comfortable with me. I am sure there will be times when a client has values that are just so incompatible with my own, that I will need to consider referral, this does not mean that I have failed the client. The client will benefit more from a counsellor who is able to find a connection with them and who does not judge them. The learning activities I have participated in during this module have helped me see many different points of view. In week four we were asked to view a video called focusing. Everyone identified the same areas of concern such as not explaining the process of counselling correctly. In week eight we had a discussion on the type of issues or clients we would find challenging. My response was counselling a court ordered client, some of the other students had the same response. I said I would like advice from a supervisor, to find helpful ways of connecting to this type of client. In week nine we were asked to research an organisation to refer a client with an identified issue. I chose to refer a client who displays a serious mental health issue, I found three organisations to refer clients to. As a result of all the activities I have undertaken in this module I have a much better understanding of the counselling process and the skills a counsellor needs. Communication skills are at the top of the list in importance. I have learned that counselling is about helping a client find their own solutions to their issues and is not about giving the client your advice. During the workshop for this module, I was able to put into practice the skills I have been learning about this term. I have to say I enjoyed the experience immensely, meeting all of my fellow students and seeing the  different approaches and styles was a great learning experience. Having learnt counselling interview skills, I feel I have the tools for becoming a good counsellor in the future and I am looking forward to learning even more.

California Drought in 2014 Essay

Water is a life resource for everyone. A situation between a drought and our resources being in danger with shortages of water in the region, is something that should not be trifled with. The state of California plunged into its third year of being affected by a record breaking drought. (Global Risk Insight) The Sacramento region was in desperate need of water this winter, with the high record of 52 winter days without rain (Sacramento Bee: Weather Report). Generally, the average time for rainfall encloses the time from late November to Mid April; and the months of the most rainfall occurs December through February.(Department of Water Resources) As parts of the country get drier, the amount of water availability will most likely decrease. The drought of 2014 is being noted as the most dangerous and driest drought California has ever seen. To understand what a drought is, there are different terms and systems of droughts that differentiate among one another. A drought is periods of unusually dry weather that persists long enough to cause environmental or economic problems. Droughts that are lingering for countless years does indeed do a negatively great climatic difference in the environment and do many environmental and social damages: water shortages, agricultural problems, health issues and much more (livescience). There is a total of four categories of droughts: meteorological, hydrological, agricultural, and socioeconomic. The first three are known to measure drought as a physical phenomenon, the last deals with drought in terms of supply and demand (Types of Drought). During the occurrences of a drought, the major factors are having the greatest impacts: Economic, Environmental, and Social. The United States has suffered droughts in the past but as mentioned before, 2014 is noted as being the worst of all. California is similar to an arid state with a Mediterranean climate, those who have lived in California has certainly lived through a drought in their lifetime. Since the 1900’s there have been extended droughts at least once a decade, last one ending in 2009 (CBS Sacramento: Drought Way of Life). Between 1980 and until now, 16 drought events have cost a combined $210 billion in the U.S., and thousands have died due to the droughts effects.(LiveScience). Research shows that the  2014 drought epidemic has nearly 91 percent of the state undergoing â€Å"Severe to exceptional drought. More than seventeen communities scattered across the state are expected to run out of water by mid-May†. Scientists are now seeing that this drought has the most record breaking dryness than the previous drought that had happened in 1850. (Global Risk Insights) A notable dry period of dry conditions was experienced most in the 1920’s and well into the 1930’s. Three twentieth century droughts were of particular importance from a water supply standpoint – the droughts of 1928 – 35, 1976 – 77, and 1987 – 91. The year of 1928 – 35 was considered as the dustbowl drought as it established hydrologic criteria widely used in designing storage capacity and yield of large Northern California reservoirs.The drought of 1977 served as a wakeup call for water agencies that were unprepared for major cutbacks in their supplies. The 1987 – 92 drought was noted as its six-year duration. Adopting of measures such as a 14 month ban on all lawn watering, the city installed a temporary emergency desalination plant and an emergency pipeline. (Department of Water Resources) Not only is everyone in California suffering through the consequences of the drought, our commercial agricultural system is also being affected. Lack of water calls for desperate measures: with not enough water to maintain our growing plants with sufficient nutrients, it delays the growth rate of the vegetation, and that inconvenience will cause a food supply shortage. In addition to that, economic supply and demand will be uneven in the marketing procedure, which will have the effect of high prices in produce in marketing. Food availability, affordability and quality drive food security problems in the world are all being affected right now as the drought continues on. (Global Risk Insights) Hunger and famine are a great issue at hand, our agriculture system is what keeping us healthy and placing foods in our grocery stores. Little water will not support food crops towards the livestock nor will they have enough grass or grains to be feed upon. When droughts are at their peak of their dryness, it destroys food sources, and those who suffers are us. We go  hungry and if hunger lasts for a long period of time, famine is surely to come to be the new epidemic. Lack of clean and dependable water resources can lead to public health problems. As noted before, significant drought events have occurred and can have different affects in different areas. (CDC) The use of water for any health care resource is vital and it has to be within everyones reach in order to have a healthy lifestyle. Saving water is indeed important, but that should not eliminate the water being used to wash ones hands to reduce germs from the hands. (LiveScience) Although we are in a drought, that should not limit the continuous use of hand washing. Droughts creates lack of clean water resource for drinking, public sanitation and personal hygiene, which unfortunately can lean to multiple wide ranges of life-threatening diseases. In addition, health concerns can have everyone suffering, lack of water can lead to dehydration and the human body can function certain amount of days without water. Farmers in the agricultural system work at their hardest to have food growing for our personal hunger needs. In the season of a drought, farmers are worried about their crops and paying out of their pocked to keep their crops alive and doing any means necessary to keep their crops. Farmers run a chance that they will loose all of their financial benefactors if a drought destroys their crops. Having water to nurture their crops is another fact; spending more money to have specialized irrigation or wells drilled up for the farmers to have a continuation of water. Lack of water for the surrounding environment is not the only factor of danger that endangers the surrounding area; Lack of moisture and precipitation from the drought conditions can produce out-of-control wildfires with hazardous conditions in forests and across range lands. The negative result of this environmental danger results in injuries/death, extensive damage. Many unfortunate consequences can arise from this negative factor. Not only does the environment suffer from this inconvenience, workers in the wood or timber industries are also being affected. Climate change with the danger of the drought is not a good combination together; water reservoirs, lakes and dams are shrinking rapidly. Water quality can be in danger. Shrinking amounts can cause dangerous contaminants such as heavy metal, industrial chemicals, pesticides, and sediments. An example of a shrinking dam: Folsom Lake. Folsom Lake normally holds just under 1 million acre feet of water. However during this drought it is only 33 percent of average. The lake’s extremely low levels have become one of the droughts most iconic images. Other reservoirs across the state were hitting record lows across the state, alarming water agencies to do necessary water cutbacks. (CBS Sacramento: Hard to Recover) The same factors as the commercial agricultural farmers hold the same fate as the businessmen in the aquatic industry. Those who work in the boating or fishing industry may not have the luck to sell their goods due to the lakes or other water resources drying up or reaching abnormal water levels. Hydroelectric power energy companies rely their energy functioning on running water, and this would be expensive for both the company and the customers as they would be needed to pay extra. Workers working on ships or sail boats may find difficulty navigating their way through streams, river, and canals due to low water levels. This would be considered as a expensive business transportation for receiving or sending goods and materials. During a drought, officials may issue a water restriction measure;Governor Jerry Brown, has requested the Sacramento City Council and all Californians to approve a 20 percent reduction in water use for everyone in the city. This is a mandatory rationing so that homes, businesses and farms will not run dry over the sumer (SF gate). Depending where everyone lives, water restriction measure procedures can vary on odd or even days of the week, at night, or on weekends. The restriction may vary from hours, days or in some cases prohibit use of water. No matter the case, it is important to check with your local water utility for more information. (How to Survive a Drought.) The future still holds many questions and discovery in the long run for the environment and towards everyone. The population is increasing everyday, and  in arid, and wet regions the demand of water supplies are still the same. Not only is the expansion of the population is causing a bit of worrisome troubles about the future use of water, but the idea of global warming.(LiveScience) With increasing levels of global warming, who knows how the environment will deal with more strong droughts. The least thing everyone can do is be prepared for dry seasons with little rainfall, and dangerous environmental consequences. However, the good new is everyone can help save water, we all have the ability to make a difference in the environment. There are multiple ways to save water and take consideration to the environment, and it all starts with how we make a change to our lifestyle. The major places to observe water waste would be in the kitchen, bathroom, how we do laundry, and activities that are done outside. The average gallons wasted during showers and brushing our teeth with running water is as least 2.5 gallons per minute. Washing a full load of clothes in the washing machine is 15-50 gallons per load, depending what kind of appliances one owns. The leaking problems under the sink, faucets, toilet, and bathtub can actually waste more water than anything else; the average gallon waste is at least 30 gallons per day in leaks. When working outside, its is important to reserve water as much as one can. As the average water waste when one is working outside is at least 20 gallons. By replacing energy and water efficient appliances. (City of Sacramento: We Are in A Drought) The drought of this country and the regions that are suffering with it, has no good cause for everyone and the environment. The ongoing California drought provides a unsavory view of future water shortages and its impact on agricultural production and food safety. Preventing a drought is something that everyone in the world cannot avoid, if it is going to strike then it’s going to strike, there is no stopping it, unless if rainfall comes. However, what we can prevent is our precious water going to waste by making water efficient choices that will conserve water.

How do you make women use restroom inside in India Essay

How do you make women use restroom inside in India - Essay Example Women have to walk in groups and accompany their daughters when it calls for defecation periods. It is upon these shocking revelations that, the researcher intends to investigate possible solutions to this and draw a policy that if implemented, will culminate into women’s use of restrooms without further threats. This should capture every culture and local condition as despite the government spending 7000 scores yearly in toilets constructions; it has failed to answer women problems culminating into disuse. Toilet designs should factor in elements of geographical conditions, water and culture (India today international, 1997, p. 156). Besides constructing toilets, environmentally friendly toilets should stand erected as stated by Gramalaya who has been constructing rural toilets in India for two decades. Some design may scare women particularly on holding balance, hovering and butt positioning, that is approximated at six inches over the seat. But it is recommended that they hold the toilet paper dispenser, handle or enlargement of gap between the toilet and butt. This aims at making public restrooms to properly separate gents and ladies facilities so as to avoid case of males harassing and molesting females. This has been seen in places such as schools that have usable toilet rated at 63 percent in 2013. Fear of rape by women, makes it difficult for them to use restrooms, there should be increased and well trained security guards with higher levels of honesty to assist women who may opt for restrooms. This will instill courage within these women which will rebel against their deeply-rooted open defecation culture. It is surprising that despite increased number of toilets in India, less impact has been felt as culture drives open defecation making many toilets disused. There are urgent calls for more input to create awareness on significance of using toilets. Women face infection particularly, when pushed to defecate in dirty fields during

The film The Searchers by John Wayne (1868) and Mary Rowlandson Essay

The film The Searchers by John Wayne (1868) and Mary Rowlandson narrative - Essay Example The film "The Searchers" by John Wayne (1868) and Mary Rowlandson narrative. Both the narratives, on the civilizational clash between Indians and the settlers, have been criticized as racist and also gender insensitive by forthcoming critics. For example, the narrative of Rowlandson though provide many examples of Indians’ kindness to her, she seems to blindly accept of the Western stereotype of bad Indians and good â€Å"Christians† (Rowlandson, 244). She (Rowlandson) always generalizes by calling Indians â€Å"enemies†, â€Å"barbarous creatures†, â€Å"inhumane creatures† and â€Å"infidels† (Rowlandson, 14, 45, 13). Though, this is the case with Rowlandson’s narrative, she has shown the honesty not to omit any of the several kind acts that Indians, especially Indian women, did to her. But in the film, The Searchers, the hero of the film attributes not even a single good quality to the Indians. And in the first scene itself, the lead character, Ethen is seen behaving in a contempt-filled manner to the half I ndian, Martin, who is the foster son of his brother (The Searchers). Ethen even rudely tells Martin that he looks like a â€Å"half-breed† (The Searchers). Here, it has to be noted that Rowlandson had good reason to hate Indians, but Ethen had none, as far as the viewers know. Even then Ethen is found to be more intolerant towards the Indians than Rowlandson. This contradiction can partially be attributed to Rowlandson being a woman, and Ethen being a man. In all the civilizational clashes in history, men have been the conquerors while women stayed on the margins of such power game. It was never their war. And that is why Ethen is more racist than Rowlandson- because it is Ethen’s (and all the men’s) war actually. There is no where in these two depictions, even a suggestion that Westerners were also imparting similar atrocities upon Indians, which were far more wide spread as compared to the Indian excesses. The puritan attitude of the West of that period, and t he hypocrisy involved with that notion is evident from the fact that Ethen wants to murder his brother’s daughter because she became wife to an Indian, and thus strangely deprived of even the affection of her uncle (The Searchers). But in the Rowlandson narrative, Weetamoo, the wife of Rowlandson’s Indian master, is acknowledged as a powerful and self-asserting woman though Rowlandson never seems to fully realize the rights and powers that Indian women enjoy in their society (Rowlandson, 4). Rowlandson herself has described Weetamoo in the words, â€Å"a severe and proud dame she was, bestowing every day in dressing herself neat as much time as any of the gentry of the land† (37). In her narrative, there are many Indians and Indian women who give her food and shelter (Rowlandson). For example, an Indian gives her a pancake to eat when she was hungry and another Indian woman gives her a a piece of

Erich From and Zen Buddhism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Erich From and Zen Buddhism - Essay Example The unconscious, in terms of Zen, the unidentified, is antescientific but however not beyond the reach of consciousness. To become conscious of the unconscious is certainly Zen's primary task. He completed his education at the Universities of Frankfurt, Heidelberg, and Munich, and at the Berlin Institute of Psychoanalysis. Following his immigration to the United States in 1933, he established a private practice in psychiatry and taught at New York University and the National University of Mexico. His main writings explored those needs that he recognized as exclusively human- relatedness, transcendence, rootedness, individuality, and a frame of orientation. His works, several of which reached wide audiences, include Escape from Freedom (1941), Man For Himself (1947), The Heart of Man (1964), and The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness (1973). The manifestation of many contributions to the topic of Zen Buddhism, is in more than one way indicative of our state of affairs in the Western World. If the need of Oriental philosophy is however increasingly felt in our times, the explanation would rather point to a psychological frame of reference. Erich Fromm maintains that there is a paradoxical element in Zen Buddhism which is more congenial to Western rational thought than is Western religion itself. Thus according to him, it is not surprising that the teachings of Zen help Western man to find an answer to his most upsetting problems. (Fromm, 2000) C.G. Jung is inclined to equate the terms satori with the Self. (Suzuki, 1999) Jung terms the ego as the center of awareness. The Self embraces and includes the ego. (Jung, 1998 ) Satori is, therefore, a release of the ego through the Self, to which the Buddha-Nature, i.e. total consciousness is added. Sigmund Freud is less hopeful about the success of this approach. Even as the methods used in reaching conscious awareness are varied, there remains however a weak relationship between Zen and psychoanalysis. The Zen master, to be true, maintains that intellection of any kind is a key offense so far as the understanding of Zen is concerned, while Freud emphatically posits: "where id was, there ego shall be". The great experts of Zen are well aware of this quandary, and it is in this light that Suzuki states: "If I am asked ... what Zen teaches, I would reply, Zen teaches nothing. Whatever teachings there are in Zen, they come out of one's own mind. We teach ourselves; Zen only points t he way. Unless this pointing is teaching, there is certainly nothing in Zen intentionally set up as its fundamental doctrines or as its fundamental philosophy." (Suzuki, 2000) Hubert Benoit concurs with this idea when he points out that Zen comprises a variety of angles. "My reader", he states, "should understand that no artificial understanding is deemed to pass from my mind to his ... this synthesis should happen in his mind by a means appropriate to himself, as it occurs in my mind by a means appropriate to me". (Benoit,1995) Zen Buddhism and Psychoanalysis Many a fundamental difference between Zen and psycho-analysis is already perceptible at this point, but so are other similarities, despite the varied methods of approach. It is thus

Welfare, Policy And The Law In Social Work Practice Essay

Welfare, Policy And The Law In Social Work Practice - Essay Example These practitioners provide methods and means supporting counseling individuals experiencing personal trauma, grief and depression (Bell2002). The understanding of the bereavement theory in this context improves Social work practitioners also engage in providing services such as the development, monitoring and implementation of policies and guidelines that facilitate best bereavement practice and care. According to Thompson, N. (2000) this entails training and consultations to bereaved individuals attributed to various circumstances (Thompson 2000). This essentiality of this is strengthening the link between those who are bereaved and depressed and the continuous provision of improved and quality services. In the context of the case study, Sayeed is a 50-year-old Indian male who stays in UK and has lost his job under unclear circumstances where he claims to be discriminatory and unfair is in despair and distress. After loosing his job Sayeed has not been able to provide to his family prompting her wife Juliet, a 45-year-old English teacher threatening to leave her because he is not able to provide for the family needs. Therefore in order to understand the intervention requirement that Sayeed needs to overcome his situation, it is important to have an insight on the supporting the bereaved theory and practice (Bell2002). BEREAVEMENT THEORY According to Adams, R., Dominelli, L. and Payne, M. (2002) their studies shows that research on bereavement has increased and gained prominence. Attributed to these studies is the emergence of several models which are aimed to help and guide to who are bereaved. It is notable that individuals who are bereaved have physical, cognitive, cognitive and behavioural components which have variance in disruptiveness and length (Adams et al 2002). Other research shows that providing appropriate and adequate support sometimes results into alleviation of probable future bereavement of depression. However this is not to mean that depresse d and bereaved persons such as Sayeed will require help or should be pathologised. Therefore asserting from this it is important for the professionals to have a strong knowledge base in regard to providing support to the bereaved. Preferably is the solid scientific knowledge base on the bereavement theory and practice. Bereavement theory and practice enhances personal experience of the practitioner which is essential in dealing with emerging depression and bereavement situations (Adams et al 2002). The weakness associated to this approach is that it is too restricted to generalization of validity in regard to new situations. Another major weakness is that the personal experience is influenced by the subjective prejudices and values. In order to be inform with the practice ascribed in the bereavement theory five models is selected which enhances sensitivity of any situation and also when working with the bereaved. The bereavement theory is important because it is useful in dealing wi th life-changing events such as loss of work, illness, divorce and redundancy. To fully understand bereavement theory and what it entails in the context of the case study and is relating social practice the following are the underlying models. Phases and stages According to Lishman (2007) in his study provides that attachment to something gives the basis for understanding bereavement attributed to the loss of work. He further provides that commonly there is human tendency of developing commitment towards work (Lishman 2007). This attachment

The Role of the Environment (Geography) in the Emergence of the Egypti Essay - 2

The Role of the Environment (Geography) in the Emergence of the Egyptian Civilization - Essay Example People grew food along the river due to the availability of water and the fertility of the land. The river became an important feature that attracted settlements, leading to a significant growth of cities (Stalcup 2000). Being in a desert, Egypt’s survival relied on the river. Therefore, as civilization continued people came to live in the cities near the river in order to increase their chances of survival. Egyptians lived in an environment with a lot of dessert features. Due to the seasonal rains in East Africa where River Nile originates, the Nile overflowed annually during the ancient Egyptian civilization (Smith 1916). When the rains decreased, the rich black soil was deposited on the floodplain. This environmental phenomenon led to successful agricultural production in Egypt (Stalcup 2000). The sun was also shining relentlessly, providing light and heat for the people and crops. Furthermore, natural dessert barriers caused protection of the Egyptians against foreigners. In terms of arts and writings, a strong and creative society was created following the rise of cities and civilizations along the Nile Delta. The Lighthouse at Alexandria and the Pyramids of Giza became two of the five wonders of the world. There were a lot of written records of ancient Egyptians including moralistic treatises, love poetry, instructional texts and tales. Their knowledge of Mathematics and architecture motivated by the environment also led to the development of large stone buildings (Smith 1916). The availability of building stones and other architectural materials encourage the ancient Egyptians to develop writings and architecture in the Nile Delta region. The Nile River was also a good environment for the growth of papyrus plant that was used to write texts. This encouraged the development of writing during civilization, which  was one of the earliest forms of writings.  

CAse fOr AnALYsis The New Haven Initiative Article

CAse fOr AnALYsis The New Haven Initiative - Article Example The problem solving approach adapted by Burton was successful. However, it resulted to a conflict among the employees and the management. The source of conflict was the shift of the decision-making role from the supervisors to the individual employees. Due to the shift, supervisors felt that they were losing prestige and seniority. Moreover, some employees felt that they were given responsibilities that were not theirs. This made them to rebel against the approach thus resulting to the conflict. To get workers cooperation and full management support, Burton could have taken several measures. He could not have assumed that self-management team would be appealing to everyone. Instead, he could have taken an initiative of educating the employees on the benefits they could obtain from a self-managed team. Moreover, he could have undertaken a research to identify some of the possible negative impacts of self-managed teams and possible solutions to those impacts. This could have made the management to gain confidence on the approach and thus give him their full

The Impact of New Media on the Design and Advertisement Industries Term Paper

The Impact of New Media on the Design and Advertisement Industries - Term Paper Example New media is a recent term that has come to be used in reference to the digital world more so with reference to computers in information and communication technology. It is a product of the twentieth century that saw its evolutionary roots from analog technology. It has characterized relations of this era by making globalization a popular topic. Trade between people and organizations in far geographical locations now takes place by just a touch of a button behind the comfort of one's personal computer via the internet. The incorporation of new media into the society inform of a globalized world tends to bring in threats into the moral social set up as indiscriminate receivership of information on the internet becomes difficult to control exposing people to different unethical practices. A research done by Millward Brown agency in the UK relayed information to prove that new media can give maximum impact to observers of its advertisements. Millward is a mobile phone marketing organization that took the first study to ascertain the significance of mobile phones in the advertisement. Advertisements were sent to mobile phone users in the UK and measure the impacts it had on the people who received them. The research came up with the findings that the branded advertisements effected 32% awareness of the people approached. It further indicated that 22% of the mobile phone users who received the advertisements were willing to buy the products should they go to the markets. The research measured these opinions from about 600 male consumers between the ages of 16 to 36 over a period of 5 weeks during the air of the advertisements. The study concluded that single advertisements strongly increase advertisement awareness and the probability of purchase. (Brown, 2008)Â  

From what you know about action potentials describe feasible Essay

From what you know about action potentials describe feasible mechanisms whereby anaesthetics might prevent pain - Essay Example Moreover, its pharmacological effect is evidenced by normal laryngeal-pharyngeal reflexes and extreme analgesia. To this end, the drug’s central point of action in the Central Nervous System is the thalamo-neocortical projection area. Consequently, the ketamine discriminately lowers the neuronal action in certain parts of the cortex. This is action is more evident in the thalamus and association areas. At the same time, it stimulates the certain areas in the limbic system and hypothalamus (Reiss, Evans, & Broyles 2002). This ultimately results to functional disorganization of unprescribed pathways in the thalamic and midbrain region. Ketalar equally lowers the impulse transmission within the medial medullary formation in the reticular. This area is critical in transmitting the emotional-affective parts on noiception the higher brain areas from the spinal cord. In addition, the analgesic effects of ketamine are attributed to its occupation of the opiate receptors in the spinal cord and brain. The interaction with the N-Methyl-d-aspartate at times mediates the analgesic and anesthetic action of ketamine (Rosdahl & Kowalski 2008). Moreover, Ketamine’s analgesic effect on the spinal cord is due to the prevention of neuronal action on the dorsal horn wide range dynamic. Evidently, the notion that CNS sodium blockade channels are the mechanism by which ketamine results to anesthesia, has been scientifically dispelled. Anesthesia Related Drugs. (n.d.).hirnforschung.kyb.mpg.de. Retrieved January 24, 2013, from

Essay - Analyse of John Proctor from Crucible Essay Example for Free

Essay Analyse of John Proctor from Crucible Essay John is a flawed man. How, in spite of this, does Arthur Miller develop his character so that we admire him more and more as the play progresses? The crucible, by Arthur Miller, is a play that clearly shows many human struggles. Many of these come about as a result of the strict puritan society, in Salem, Massachusetts, in the 1660s witch trials. The first factor that the audience come across that start the hysteria is when some girls are caught dancing hiding in the woods. Because of how sinful it was to be seen doing unchristian things, one of the girls, Betty, got so scared of what could be the consequences that she just lied down on a bed for 13 hours without moving. Miller shows through the play, how people would comment on this fact referring to witchcraft, leading everyone to believe in the false accusations. One of the main roles on the play is that of John Proctor. He initially gets involved on Bettys case for his authority and respect from the others. Then, Miller presents Proctor as a lecher who abused the love of a 14 year-old girl, Abigail Williams, who would, later on, charge on the court Proctors wife, Elizabeth, of witchcraft imagining to get her out the way to Proctor. John Proctor, a farmer and a village resident in his middle thirties, He was a kind of man of a powerful body, even tempered. In Proctors presence, a fool felt his foolishness instantly. (Stage directions, Act One, page 16). Since Reverend Parris is appointed to the church in Salem, John Proctor starts to create empathy against Parris superior attitude and greed. As well as Parris, Putnam is also an obtuse figure. Proctor clearly leaves this message on act one: There is a party in this church. I am not blind; there is a faction and a party. (Parris, Act One) Against him and all authority. (Putnam, Act One). Proctor uses this suspicion to provoke anger in Parris even further. Why, then I must find it and join it. (Proctor, Act One). In the beginning, John truthfully tells Parris why he has not been at church recently. I have trouble enough without I come five mile to hear him preach only hellfire and bloody damnation. Take it to heart, Mr. Parris. There are many others who stay away from church because you hardly ever mention God anymore. (Proctor, Act One). Proctor exceedingly allows the fact that he cannot associate with Parris go on across his religious side. Tell me, you have three children? How come only two are baptized? (Hale, Act Two) I like it not that Mr. Parris should lay his hand upon my baby. I see no light of God in that man. Ill not conceal it. (Proctor, Act Two) John Proctor became a very guilty man with a troubled conscience, because of his affair with his servant Abigail. Abby, I may think of you softly from time to time. But I will cut my hand before Ill ever reach for you again. Wipe it out of mind. We never touched, Abby. (Proctor, Act One). Proctor has his mind set that he will not confess to anyone else about Abigail, in fear of ruining his good name and reputation. Once past the affair, Abigail became extremely jealous of Elizabeth Proctor. At the court, Abigail accused Elizabeth of witchcraft, by planning a way to look like Elizabeth watched Mary Warren make a doll and then she would have put a needle in the stomach of it, with the intention that the puppet would represent Abigail, herself. Abigail even stuck a needle into her own stomach to represent evidence. By the time Elizabeth was being arrested, Proctor, furious, accused Abigail and Parris revenge to be linked to his wife case: If she is innocent! Why do you never wonder if Parris be innocent, or Abigail? Is the accuser always holy now? Were they born this morning as clean as Gods fingers? Ill tell you whats walking Salem vengeance is walking Salem. We are what we always were in Salem, but now the little crazy children are jangling the keys of the kingdom, common vengeance writes the law! This warrants vengeance! Ill not give my wife to vengeance! (Proctor, Act Two). It is obvious that Proctor cares and respects his wife Elizabeth when he decides to bring to an end his adulterous relationship with Abigail. The caring and respectful feelings are renewed into loving devotion when Elizabeth is unjustly charged as a witch. He promises her, Ill bring you home. I will bring you home soon! (Proctor, Act Two), as she leaves. With the idea of getting his wife released, Proctor threatened Mary Warren to confess the truth to the court. She was one of the girls that got caught dancing in the woods, and because of it was helping the court to find the supposed witches. In desperation, he acted in a brutal way even physically, until she would accept to stand by him on the court and, controversially from all the things that she had already said, confess that the witchcraft accusations were all pretence. I will bring your guts into your mouth but goodness will not die for me. (Proctor, Act Two)

Business overview of Fosters group limited

Business overview of Fosters group limited Fosters group limited is the Australian owned premium global beverage company. It delivers a total liquor portfolio of beers, wines and spirits to millions of its consumers globally. Fosters manufactures Australias most famous beer Foster Lager, it also manufactures Australias leading beer brands including Victoria Bitter (VB), Crown Lager, Carlton Draught and Cascade premium lager. It also produces world recognised wines such as Wolf Blass, Saltram, Beringer, Matua and Chateau St Jean. Wolf Blass was the number globally recognised wine product of Fosters. In addition to the above paragraph, Fosters Lager is the largest selling Australian beer brand in the world. About 100 million cases of fosters lager is consumed by the people worldwide per year. It is brewed in nine countries over 20 plants. It is the worlds third most widely distributed brand which is available in more than 150 countries. Foster lager is the international flagship brand for fosters group. The beer market in Australia is increasing day by day. The consumption of beer by adults, teenagers, and women has also increased. In this present scenario of globalization and economic downfall, people are changing their drinking habits along with their life style. They are concentrating much on the products which they think are worth spending. Fosters being market leader in production of beer in Australia, is adapting itself to the changed mindsets of the people. In order to fit the mind sets of people of Australia it has introduced a new product under the name of Fosters called Carlton Light, which is a low in carbs, low in alcohol volume and rich in its taste. Furthermore, this report deals with fosters groups market analysis in Australia. It explains how fosters has successfully launched its products by considering every aspect of launching a new product. It also deals with fosters research on Australias demographic, economic, socio cultures, political and technical environments, how it has segmented each of them in introducing its products. It emphasises on fosters marketing strategies and comes to a conclusion. At the end, this report will summarise some recommendations and implementation plan for further improvement of fosters market share in Australia. With this research we will find out that similarly if fosters introduces a new product, how it could be further improvised, depending up on the market analysis done on fosters marketing plan 2. Mission: Fosters Mission is to work together, respecting each other, our heritage, diversity, skills and knowledge to:   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Build premium quality, first-choice brands   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Deliver service excellence to customers and consumers   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Generate superior returns for shareholders   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Create an inspiring workplace   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ be welcomed in the communities in which we operate  (Business Studies, 2009) Vision: Becoming the leading premium branded beverage company in the world by maintaining particular goals include: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ First choice brands for consumers à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ First choice employer for our people à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ First choice investment for shareholders (Business Studies, 2009) 3. Internal Environment: 3.1. Products: Fosters group is a major organisation in beer and liquor industry overall Australia (Fosters Group A, 2009). It has many products in beer, wine, Cider and non alcoholic drinks which are under the flagship of fosters. Major Beer brands owned by Fosters Australia include: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Asahi Super Dry à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Brahama à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Carlton light à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Carlton Draught à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Carlton Midstrength à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Carlton Sterling à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Cascade Premium à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Cascade Premium Light à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Corona à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Crown Lager à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Fosters Lager à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Hoegaarden à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Kronenbourg 1664 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Leffe à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Melbourne Bitter à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Miller Genuine Draft à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Newcastle Brown Ale à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Pure Blond à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Stella Artois à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Victoria Bitter (Fosters Group B, 2009) 3.2 Financial Situation: Fosters group has a much of its production in it beer products but its major sales turnover is with its wine production. The wine products of fosters group has taken a bottom line of 75%. Rest 25% is with beer and spirits (Hoovers, 2009). However, according to the beer industry statistics, fosters group has a major share and its sales are also high. Fosters annual report shows that the company is in a very stable financial position and its good for the any further expansion (Appendix 1). The net profits are enough for implementing or introducing a new product in to the market. Fosters can also expand with this net profit in to new markets. 3.3 Channels: Fosters has chosen the best logistic services company which ensures the just in time delivery of its products to the stores. It also takes care of the warehousing, bottling, brewing and recycling of bottles. It has got the standardised infrastructure, simplified process and advanced transport management systems. Apart from this, it also takes care of the information and communication (ICT) technology utilised by fosters group in outsourcing their services globally (Ferret, 2008). 4 External environments: 4.1 Competitive environment and markets: The environment in which fosters group launching its products have many competitors but the acquisitions made by fosters group in Australia had made it the number one player of beer industry in Australia (Invest Smart, 2009). Apart from the other beer manufacturers, companys manufacturing non- alcoholic drinks is a major drawback for fosters. Because it acts as the substitute product for the alcoholic drinks and are low in price. 4.2 Demographic Environment: Australias diverse culture and lifestyle reflects its liberal democratic traditions and values (Australian Government A, 2009). Its geographic location which is closest to Asia pacific region has given an added advantage to Australia. People are diversifying to the new changes and the trends. Immigrants have helped Australia in enriching almost every aspect of Australian life, starting from business, cooking, arts, sports, science etc (Australian Government A, 2009). 4.3 Political and legal environment: Australia is ranked second in the political stability in the IMD world competitiveness yearbook 2009 (NSW government A, 2009). With this it is clear that the markets in Australia have no threats or inconveniences by the government changes and policies. Though the changes occur, they will be in favour of the organisations because Australia has the decentralised labour market. 4.4 Economic Environment: Australia has a strong and flexible economy. It has capitalized the countries proximities for the emerging new Asian markets on its longstanding trade links to Japan and the United States. In 2007 Australia registered its 17th consecutive year of economic expansion with GDP growth averaging 3.5% per year (NSW government B, 2009). Even during the economic downfall, Australia has remained stable and maintained its position. 4.5 Socio-cultural environment: The Australia is a multilingual country with lot if international immigrants entering in to this country every year. It has broad varieties of culture that adapts any change easily (Australian Government A, 2009). According to the statistics of Australian bureau of statistics, its clear that population of Australia is increased by 2.1% during the 12 months ended at 30 June 2009 (Appendix 2). Along with the population increase the alcohol consumption rate of the people has also increased mostly amongst teenagers aged between 17 -19 years. 4.6 Technological Environment: With the globalization, markets are getting much more advanced in their products. Organisations are producing products at a rapid rate in bulk due to automation of their industries. Australian government is also spending lot of money in developing its countries infrastructure and technology which helps the foreign investors in putting their investments. Research and development has advanced along with the advancement in technology, helping in development of new discoveries (Australian Government B, 2009). Australian market is always ready in adapting new technological changes, discoveries and developments. 5. SWOT Analysis: Strengths: Globally recognised brand Largest selling beer brand in the world available in more than 150 countries Wide range of beer products Strong corporate representation in the market place ( it also produces premium wines such as wolf Blass, Saltram, Beringer, Matua and chateau St jean) Seen as a good corporate citizen with the promotions of the events such as formula one, AFL and Rugby Australian owned company (Business Studies, 2009) Weaknesses: Communities changing attitudes towards alcohol consumption Falling per head beer in Australia Communities attitude towards plastic packaging People becoming more health conscious Opportunities: Further expansion in to domestic and global markets Acquiring more number of breweries and wineries Acquisition of more number of hotels and restaurants by introducing fosters products Gaining public support by taking initiatives on environmental friendly packaging and recycling programs Threats: Strong competition from other beer producers in the market Public changing their tastes and perceptions in demanding imported beers 6. Marketing Objectives: The marketing objectives of fosters group includes: To increase market share Increase product range Expand geographically Expand through export Maximise customer service (Business Studies , 2009) To increase market share: Fosters is trying to expand itself to increase its market share over the years. After the acquisition of New South Wales brewer Tooth and Co, fosters gained the advantage of becoming market leader. By 2001, it has acquired more than five brewing companies across Australia becoming the number one producer of beer by volume in Australia. Increase product range: By acquiring small and big breweries, fosters with its products along with the acquired products has increased its product range. These products are widely distributed throughout Australia with fosters as its flag ship Expand geographically and Expand through export: The prime method of export is by acquiring breweries internationally, this in turn leads to its geographical expansion. With this geographical expansion it can cover a wider market and also increase its market share globally 7.0 Marketing Strategies: 7.1 Target Markets: Fosters groups main target are the people who consume alcohol including beer, wine, spirits, cider and other pre-mixed drinks. When the Carlton light was introduced, everything has changed. This product has concentrated much more on the segments where people are more likely to prefer low crabs beer and people who are health conscious. This segment includes youngsters, corporate employees and women. Continuing, from the outline of the statistics obtained from Australian Bureau of statistics, we can conclude that the people are spending more in both alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks (Appendix). So, by studying the statistics, Fosters has introduced Carlton light in to the markets which eventually boosted its sales. Along with this, Carlton light has grabbed the attention of the people who are in love with Fosters other products. 7.2 Product: Here Carlton light was a new product which was introduced in to the Australian markets. So, this report focuses on its potential service. As mentioned by Stuart, et al, (1995), that a potential service is considered as the level at which the organisations tries to delight their customers by finding out better ways. Similarly, Fosters has introduced Carlton light in order to delight its existing and new customers by providing them with low crabs, ultra light beer. Furthermore, in addition to the introduction of its new products, Fosters has always concentrated on branding them. Since the core product of Fosters is beer, the company wants its core product to be different from its competitors. So, in order to differentiate, Fosters has mainly targeted on its branding by creating a brand image. This was done by shaping the bottle to the international recognizable standards with a long neck bottle, appealing labels, high contrast colours etc. This has differentiated fosters products from other players in the market. Various other products under Fosters such as Victoria Bitter, foster lager, Crown lager and cascade premium draught have a special recognition for themselves in Australia (Fosters C, 2009). This already established recognition has given the Carlton light with the same recognition, which eventually improved the brand image of Fosters. 7.3 Pricing: According to Kerin, (2008), pricing is considered as a crucial of the marketing mix because it determines the revenue that the companys products will earn (Kerin, 2008). In determining a products pricing, pricing strategy matrix should be considered by every organisation (Kotler, et al, 2009). From the above table, the price skimming strategy was used by Fosters in pricing their products. Fosters doesnt want to penetrate in to the markets by keeping their prices low because, its existing products are already higher in costs compared to other brands in the market (Invest Smart, 2009). Foster has gained first mover advantage by introducing Carlton light with a premium price. It has sustained its growth by maintaining steady sales over a period of time. Carlton light has gained the market share by hitting the markets at the right time. During this period, the demographic segments of Australia have become more health conscious, this statistics have helped Fosters in launching Carlton Light (Ibs World, 2009). Rajendhra, (2006), mentions that there is a link between the price and the quality of the product. He also mentions that the pricing of a product should be done along simultaneously by improving the quality of product. So, fosters has introduced Carlton Light in to the markets, which is rich in quality and which has low carbs. Fosters research and development takes care in assuring the quality of its products (Fosters, 2009). 7.4 Promotion Strategies: The role of promotions in the marketing mix is to bring about mutually satisfying exchange with the target markets by informing, educating and persuading them of benefits of the product (Charles, et al, 2008). Here the benefits of Carlton light are the low calories beer which helps the customers in washing their worries on becoming fat or affecting their diet. This beer can be enjoyed by everyone because it has low alcohol; its just a higher end substitute of the soft drinks and other non alcoholic drinks in the market. Continuation, Apart from the regular promotions fosters uses in promoting its products; it has to educate people about the benefits of the beer. This can be done by: Implementing responsible drinking programs: which explains on how much consumption should be made and how it benefits Introducing health conscious kiosks at shopping malls Sponsoring The biggest looser program that is featured in Australian Television channel. Apart from these promotions, it follows its basic approaches like: Advertising through television, magazines and news papers Sponsoring different sporting activities Worldwide sponsorship and association with formula one racing which it already does with foster brands Sponsoring AFL, rugby league etc which it already does with foster brands 7.5 Distribution Strategy: Place or distribution strategy are mainly concerned in making the product available to its customers when and where they wanted (Charles, et al, 2008). Since alcohol is a drink that has some regulations from the government, it should follow specific steps in selling them to its customers. Beer is not available everywhere, it has its own places such as Bottle shops, liquor stores, super markets, pubs, restaurants, hotels etc. Similarly, though Carlton light is a low alcohol beer, it has to be sold along with other liquor products. Foster group has a wide distribution of its products across Australia and it makes sure that Carlton light also gets equal importance along with its other beers. 8. Recommendations: Spending more in research and development in improving the fineness of beer. Introducing new products as substitutes to the existing products Entering in to broader market by using international strategy for market development Concentrating more on responsible drinking programs Increasing the promotion standards e.g. sponsoring student activity programs in universities Improving the quality of the acquired products by implementing the processes foster follow in its own organisation. Acquiring more number of local and international breweries 9. Implementation Plan: Carefully thinking about the suggested recommendations and the market analysis done by this report on fosters group, this report will suggest an implementation plan for these things. Considering the marketing objectives of Fosters group we can draw that, through acquisition on other breweries, fosters has gained a competitive advantage in the market. According to Ansoffs, product/market matrix, fosters should use the international strategy in order to develop its market. Here in market development, it states that by introducing an existing product in to the new market, fosters group can gain the first mover advantage and also can expose its brands to new audience globally (Kotler P, et al, 2009). This will be done by acquisition of local breweries in the new market or introducing the new product with a premium price. This will also expands fosters product range. When it enters in to new markets, it has to do a lot of research in developing fine quality of beer so that everyone likes it at the first shot. By targeting only the health conscious audience, it has to introduce ultra light beer, with low carbs, less alcohol content than Carlton Light. Similar strategies should be followed in implementing this new product. Along with constantly monitoring and controlling this marketing plan, areas like sales and market and profitability by product and territory should also be monitored. It also should conduct regular updates on further improving its each product like wines, spirits, ciders because those particular products will become a massive hit in particular areas. References: ABS, (2009), Australian Bureau Of Statistics-Australian Demographic Statistics, Jun 2009, http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/[emailprotected]/mf/3101.0 (Accessed on 08-03-2010) Australian Government A, (2009), About Australia-People, culture and Life Style, http://www.dfat.gov.au/facts/people_culture.html (Accessed on 8-03-2010) Australian Government B, (2009), About Australia-Innovations, http://www.dfat.gov.au/facts/science.html (Accessed on 8-03-2010) Business Studies, (2009), Marketing At Fosters, http://www.docstoc.com/docs/14565631/including-SWOT-and-product-life-cycle (Accessed on 5-03-10) Charles W. L., Hair F.J. Jr, McDaniec C., (2008), Essentials of Marketing, 6th Ed, Cengage Learning Ferret, (2009), Fosters Group selects RedPrairie for logistics network transformation project, http://www.ferret.com.au/c/RedPrairie/Foster-s-Group-selects-RedPrairie-for-logistics-network-transformation-project-n735508 (Accessed on 06-03-2010) Fosters A, (2009), About Us, http://www.fosters.com.au/aboutus.htm (Accessed on 7-03-2010) Fosters B, (2009), our brands, http://www.fosters.com.au/enjoy/ourbrands.htm (Accessed on 7-03-2010) Fosters C, (2009), Beer, http://www.fosters.com.au/enjoy/beer.htm (Accessed on 7-3-10) Hoov ers, (2009), Fosters Group Limited, http://www.hoovers.com/company/Fosters_Group_Limited/ctcrci-1-1njea5.html (Accessed on 07-03-2010) Invest Smart, (2009), Fosters Group Limited, http://www.investsmart.com.au/shares/asx/Fosters-Group-FGL.asp (Accessed on 10-03-10) Kotler. P, et al, 2009, Principles of marketing 4th ed, Australia, Pearson education Australia. NSW Government A, (2009), Political Stability, http://www.business.nsw.gov.au/aboutnsw/climate/A9_riskofpolinstabil.htm (Accessed on 07-03-2010) NSW Government B, (2009), State Economies, http://www.business.nsw.gov.au/aboutnsw/climate/A2_state_econ.htm (Accessed on 7-03-2010) Rajendhra Nargundkar, (2006), Services Marketing 2E, 2nd Ed, Tata McGraw-Hill, NY. Appendix 1: (Source: http://www.hoovers.com/company/Fosters_Group_Limited/ctcrci-1-1njea5.html). Fosters Group Limited Income Statement All amounts in millions of US Dollars except per share amounts. Jun 09 Jun 08 Jun 07 Revenue 3,778.5 4,411.7 4,185.1 Cost of Goods Sold Gross Profit 3,778.5 4,411.7 4,185.1 Gross Profit Margin SGA Expense Depreciation Amortization Operating Income 919.6 1,095.8 994.6 Operating Margin 24.3% 24.8% 23.8% Nonoperating Income Nonoperating Expenses Income Before Taxes 801.7 956.9 812.6 Income Taxes 214.5 268.3 221.4 Net Income After Taxes 587.2 688.6 591.2 Continuing Operations 356.2 106.6 823.1 Discontinued Operations 0.0 6.2 0.0 Total Operations 356.2 112.9 823.1 Total Net Income 356.2 112.9 823.1 Net Profit Margin 9.4% 2.6% 19.7% Diluted EPS from Total Net Income 0.18 0.06 0.41 Dividends per Share 0.21 0.24 0.19  © 2009 Morningstar, Inc. Financial Data provided by   Data Definitions Fosters Group Limited Balance Sheet All amounts in millions of US Dollars except per share amounts. Assets Jun 09 Jun 08 Jun 07 Current Assets Cash 107.0 154.5 244.0 Net Receivables 757.1 1,019.2 984.9 Inventories 926.1 970.9 880.8 Other Current Assets 114.6 75.3 129.9 Total Current Assets 1,904.8 2,219.9 2,239.5 Net Fixed Assets 1,559.8 1,959.5 1,919.3 Other Noncurrent Assets 3,272.4 3,747.7 3,956.3 Total Assets 6,737.0 7,927.1 8,115.2 Liabilities and Shareholders Equity Jun 09 Jun 08 Jun 07 Current Liabilities Accounts Payable Short-Term Debt 297.8 43.8 242.6 Other Current Liabilities 795.5 954.0 1,048.6 Total Current Liabilities 1,093.3 997.8 1,291.2 Long-Term Debt Other Noncurrent Liabilities 2,620.8 3,230.7 2,892.2 Total Liabilities 3,714.1 4,228.5 4,183.4 Shareholders Equity Preferred Stock Equity 0.0 0.0 0.0 Common Stock Equity 3,009.0 3,670.6 3,908.3 Total Equity 3,009.0 3,670.6 3,908.3 Shares Outstanding (thou.) 1,927,753.0 1,927,753.0 1,927,753.0  © 2009 Morningstar, Inc. Financial Data provided by   Data Definitions Fosters Group Limited Cash Flow Statement All amounts in millions of US Dollars except per share amounts. Jun 09 Jun 08 Jun 07 Net Operating Cash Flow 712 643 634 Net Investing Cash Flow (169.6) (47.4) 486.6 Net Financing Cash Flow (568.3) (705.2) (1,247.4) Net Change in Cash (26.0) (109.1) (126.7) Depreciation Amortization Capital Expenditures (149.9) (135.8) (165.6) Cash Dividends Paid (383.1) (578.8) (528.9) Appendix 2, (Source: http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/[emailprotected]/mf/3101.0) JUNE KEY FIGURES Population at end Jun qtr 2009 Change over previous year Change over previous year PRELIMINARY DATA 000 000 % New South Wales 7 099.7 115.5 1.7 Victoria 5 427.7 113.9 2.1 Queensland 4 406.8 112.9 2.6 South Australia 1 622.7 19.4 1.2 Western Australia 2 236.9 65.7 3.0 Tasmania 502.6 5.1 1.0 Northern Territory 224.8 5.0 2.3 Australian Capital Territory 351.2 5.6 1.6 Australia(a) 21 874.9 443.1 2.1 (a) Includes Other Territories comprising Jervis Bay Territory, Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Population growth Population Growth Rate, Year ended current quarter JUNE KEY POINTS ESTIMATED RESIDENT POPULATION The preliminary estimated resident population (ERP) of Australia at 30 June 2009 was 21,875,000 persons. This was an increase of 443,100 persons (2.1%) since 30 June 2008 and 95,800 persons since 31 March 2009. Preliminary natural increase recorded for the year ended 30 June 2009 (157,800) was 8.4% (or 12,200 persons) higher than the natural increase recorded for the year ended 30 June 2008 (145,600). Preliminary net overseas migration for the year ended 30 June 2009 was 285,300 persons. POPULATION GROWTH RATES Australias population grew by 2.1% during the 12 months ended 30 June 2009. Natural increase and net overseas migration contributed 36% and 64% respectively to this total population growth. All states and territories experienced positive population growth over the 12 months ended 30 June 2009. Western Australia recorded the largest percentage gain (3.0%) and Tasmania the smallest (1.0%).

Relation Between Matrix And Descartes Meditations Philosophy Essay

Relation Between Matrix And Descartes Meditations Philosophy Essay Renà © Descartes was a French philosopher and mathematician who were really famaous with his philosopical works, especially with Meditations on First Philosophy. His ideas in Meditations have been important source of inspiration for considerable number of movies. One of the most significant movie that reflects Descartes ideas is Matrix in which Keanu Reeves Thomas Anderson is a computer programmer for a well known company and also has another life as a hacker Neo. He starts to get mysterious messages on his computer and after meeting with Morpheus, is told that reality is totally different from what he and other people perceive it to be. Within the scope of this assignment, I search for relations between the movie and the Descartes ideas by referring to significant quotations from a translation of Meditation on First Philosophy which was written by Christopher Biffle and specific scenes from the movie. In the movie, the reality that most people perceive is actually a dream that is created by a powerful being to deceive humanity. People think that they live in a city, breathe air and the year is 1999. However, in reality, the year is approximately 2199, there is no air and the world is in a bad situation like is attacked by war. As it is indicated in Meditation I (Biffle, 2001) : This would be perfectly obvious-if I werent a man accustomed to sleeping at night whose experiences while a sleep are at least as far-fetched as those madmen have while awake. How often, at night, Ive been convinced that I was here, sitting before the fire, wearing my dressing gown, when in fact I was undressed and between the covers of my bed! But now I am looking at this piece of paper with my eyes wide open; the head that I am shaking has not beel lulled to sleep; I put my hand out consciously and deliberately and feel. None of this would be as distinct if I were asleep. As if I cant remember having been tricked by by similar thoughts while asleep! When I think carefully about this, I see so plainly that there are no reliable signs by which I can distinguish sleeping from waking that I am stupefied-and my stupor itself suggests that I am asleep! People live in a dream and can not distinguish it from reality. It is obvious from some scenes of the movie that Neo also has doubts about it. In one of them, agents take Neo to interrogate and convince him to work for them to defeat Morpheus. Agent Smith made Neos lips be locked in order not to make him speak and put a transmitter in him which is like a spider. Then the other scene stast with Neos waking up. The first thing that he does is to check his mouth and it is normal. However, the transmitter is in him and he gets rid of it my the help of Trinity who is one of the characters in the film. If all the things he has seen are a dream, then why is there a transmitter in him? In addition, if all the things are real, then why is there anything with his mouth? This is why the world that people live is a computer simulation called matrix. Some events can occur in matrix and in order to make people believe everything that they perceive, some impossible things that are hard to believe c an be seen as dreams. Descartes mentions that there are no certain differences between a dream and reality. When someone dreams about something, he is not aware of doing it exactly, thus there is an impossibility in ignoring that what people perceive as reality is not a dream. Descartes has doubts about being aware of whether you are in a dream or in real which is the dream argument and in another scene of the movie, Morpheus concludes the sme doubts as he asks: Have you ever had a dream, Neo, that you were so sure was real? What if you were unable to awake from that dream? How would you know the difference between the dream and the real world? In another scene, Morpheus asked Neo what reality really is. Are there the things that we comprehend? If we think about the movie, people believe that the world that they live is real and most of the things that they have leraned are coming by the help of the senses. According to Descartes (Biffle, 2001) , Of course, whatever I have so far accepted as supremely true I have learned from the senses or through the senses. But I have occasionally caught the senses deceiving me, and its prudent never completely to trust those who have chetaed us even once. Things that we get by our senses are the impulses that are conveyed to brain by the nerves and interpreted by it. There is no exact way that we can know that someting real is created by our experiences or knowledge or it is just a general idea that we believe. Our brain may deceive us and it may just dream by itself. I can give an example from the scene that Neo sees the woman in red. His senses trick him and when he turns back to see the woman again, he faces with an agent. On the other hand, there is another thing said by Descartes (Biffle, 2001), Similarly, while things like eyes, heads, and hands may be imaginary, it must be granted that some simpler and more universal things are real-the real colors from which the true and false images in our thoughts are formed. According to Descartes, I can say that the images that the matrix created or the woman in red exist, and in their creation, there are some bases on the production of them. Even if the images are imaginary, their bases are real. The human figure or especially a woman figure, the color red are all real. Thus, we can tell that Descartes ideas about senses are supported in the film by this scene. . Descartes continues and further states that since deception exists, there must be some evil responsible. However, rather than attributing this evil to God himself, he blames some malevolent demon. This demon in this movie is obviously the artificial intelligence responsible for the creation of the matrix. The Matrix was created to control humanity for the intelligences own gain, so it is inherently evil. Descartes proceeds to talk about how in order to truly be free, one must do his best to resist deception and know what can truly be known. Neo and the rest of the ships crew are doing their best to free humanity, but humanity in general continues to be deceived by what appears to be so real. The Matrix simulates reality so well, that it never occurs to humanity to doubt what they see. Even Neo, the character the story centers around is clueless at the beginning. Only once he is confronted with the truth does he begin to doubt, but even then he attempts to deny it. Descartes ponders this in his meditations as well. He reflects on humanitys tendency to believe the uncertain based on comfort with the idea. Once someone is used to an idea, they tend to resist letting it go because it is so ingrained in them. He continues to state that one should treat any idea that can be doubted as being absolutely false so that no belief is built upon an uncertain foundation. However, some choose to go back to the comfort of believing that which is not true, such as Cypher deciding to go back to the Matrix. He chooses the comfort of the deception over the harsh truth, and opts to prolong his deceit. He conspires against humanitys freedom for his own personal gain. Obviously, there is a much deeper side to this movie than the action scenes and special effects. There are some very noticeable parallels with the first meditation of Descartes as well as other works not mentioned. It revives an interest in a topic that has been pondered for quite some time. Thus encouraging a new generation to ponder what can truly be known. This movie, when viewed in the correct light, really brings into question what deceptions truly exist in our lives. Spoon thing

James Clavell Essay - Taipan and Shogun :: essays research papers

James Clavell’s Exploration Of Ancient Oriental Customs James Clavell certainly had his work cut out for him when he chose to write his â€Å"Asian Saga† series of novels. Exposing the customs and culture of the ancient Orient is a daunting task for even the most qualified professional. However, to do so with an intriguing and entertaining medium is verging on impossibility. Until the last two centuries, both China and Japan remained time capsules that held within them unique societies based on radically different values and perspectives. This national seclusion in China and Japan was a direct result of the countries’ trade policies and their view of foreigners. Both countries believed that their country was truly the â€Å"land of the Gods† and that all foreigners were inferior. This belief lead to laws that acted as force fields to repel Western society. Clavell’s in-depth biography explains how Clavell spent part of his life as a prisoner of war in Japan (JamesClavell.net, par. 2), and thus was able to coupl e his experiences with his natural gift of story telling. Throughout James Clavell’s novels Taipan and Shogun, Clavell cleverly intertwines the plot with beliefs and customs of ancient Hong Kong and Japan, respectively. Clavell does not merely present the oriental culture, but he incorporates all of his characters in the process of portraying the different aspects of their way of life. In doing this, Clavell is able to educate the reader without losing their interest. Throughout the two novels, Clavell stresses the importance of â€Å"face† and honour to the Oriental cultures. Early on in the novel Shogun, Clavell opens the reader’s eyes to the absolute importance of honour. Honour, in Japan, came in many forms. A person of low status was always expected to honour a superior by treating them with the utmost respect. One of the most important ways to pay respect to a superior was by bowing to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   them. Clavell demonstrates that this ritual of bestowing honour was extremely important when one man is purposefully disrespectful by â€Å"rise[ing] deliberately, without bowing† (Clavell, 1975, 34). The astonishing result of this disrespect is that â€Å"the [superior’s] killing sword made a hissing silver arc and the man’s head toppled off† (Clavell, 1975, 34). Although this seems extremely ridiculous and uncalled for, the reader realizes that if a samurai broke their code of honour, or bushido, then they had shamed themselves forever. When this occurred, their life no longer had meaning and was disposable at the will of their superiors.

Deontological Ethics Essay -- essays research papers fc

Deontological Theory of Ethics Introduction When ethics is explored, and an inquiry into its origin and sources are explored to find definition and clarity around ethics, one initial discovery will be that two main views on ethical behavior emerge. One of those theories is the deontological theory of ethics. Ethics and ethical decisions surround themselves around what is the goodness or badness of any particular choice or decision. When exploring ethics, it is necessary to explore what are the different thoughts surrounding what framework is used to weigh this goodness and badness. Deontological Theory explores this very point. Defining Deontological Theory Deontological theories of ethics are almost synonymous with Kantianism, after a philosopher, Immanual Kant. Although it must be noted that his views are simply one view of deontological theory, which will be explored later in this paper, it is important to note his powerful influences here. Deontologists base their evaluation of actions in and of themselves. In other words, deontologists view actions without regard to consequences or potential outcomes of any given choice or action. Ethical decisions are made simply by viewing the intrinsic goodness or badness of the act itself. In a simple example, if lying were deemed an intrinsically unethical act, deontologist would hold that lying would never be ethical, regardless of the potential outcome of telling a lie. (Cline n.d.) When viewing deontological thought, one of the first questions that will appear is what framework or system is used to judge the inherent features within actions that determine whether or not they are right. There are many different thoughts behind this question, but for the purpose of an initial definition of the concept, the influences that guide deontological thought come from various sources, such as "religion, biology, psychology, metaphysics, culture, language, etc. Considering the source of the foundation for the deontological thought an act's duty may be absolute (without exception), overridden by a more important duty, or only hold under certain circumstances. The following sections will explore the different types of thought and theories that drive the foundation of deontological thought. The first explored will be the most ... ...horoughly understand. It is a multilayered and multifaceted conceptual study that can controversial for some because of all the overlapping influences on the essence of ethics. It is challenging for ethics to be examined without influences such as religion, politics, culture, race or other highly volatile topics also being raised. It even becomes more challenging to decipher what viewpoint is right about the topic of making moral choices, or the choice that is right. Who is right about what is right? It can baffle the mind and find you thinking and speaking in circles. The deontological viewpoint of ethics is a theory that has tried to place definition on a theory that is indefinable. Although the criticisms are heavy and forthright in regards to deontological ethics, their foundation is truly essential in the discovery and exploration of ethics. Works Cited Action, H.B. Kant’s Moral Philosophy. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1970. Cline, A., (n.d.). Deontologica Ethics. Retrieved March 18, 2005, from http://atheism.about.com. Frankena, W.K., Ethics, (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1973). Warner, D.W., The Basis for Ethical Conduct, (Amberton University, 2002).

Diels alder reaction Essay

Result: For the Diels-Alder reaction: Maleic acid is 0.002 mol 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene is 0.002 mol The theoretical yield is 0.36g Cycloaddition product is 0.358g (maybe it was not completely dry when I weighted.) The % yield of Diels-Alder reaction is 99.4% For the hydrolysis: The theoretical yield of hydrolysis is 0.396g The experimental product yield is 0.28g (some solid left on the filter paper and some for the melting point measurement.) The % yield of hydrolysis is 70.7% The cycloaddition of a conjugated diene and a dienophile, which is drove by forming new ÏÆ'-bonds from Ï€-electrons of the diene and dienophile, which are energetically more stable than the Ï€-bonds. During the Diels-Alder reaction, the temperature should be kept between 60-70 â„Æ'. Because the boiling point of the butadiene is low and do not let it vaporize. After cycloaddition, pour the reaction mixture into 50 ml water under room temperature, the product would precipitate because of the low temperature. The acid added for the hydrolysis part is very important because acids have been used to accelerate the rate of the intra-molecular Diels-Alder reaction. The PEG 200 used in this experiment as the solvent for maleic anhydride is  make the experiments more green, which is less harmful and more environmental friendly. The melting point measurement is helping us to determine what we get basically. Compare with the IR spectra I got, the peak at 1792.62 cm-1 in the first spectra express the C=O bonds of the initial cycloaddition product, and the peak at 1697.14 cm-1 in the second IR spectra shows the C=O bonds of carboxylic acid ( RCOOH) of the final product.

Hollow of the Three Hills Essay

Themes of the Hollow of the three Hills: -main character as a beautiful woman with a shameful and abominable past. -trying to run from it will only make the problem follow. -character as someone who is a plighted subject who had such a secret that she had to be where â€Å"no mortal could observe them. -She wanted this witch to help her see and hear what was happening with her loved ones; but she only had one hour to do so and after this one hour she would die Hawthorne did not come out and said this but in saying things like â€Å"there is but a short hour that we may tarry here. and I will do your bidding though I did . She had run from everything that was important to her because the most important, was dying. Hawthorne was not too clear in stating what exactly the problem was but it seemed that her daughter had fallen ill. – Throughout the story Hawthorne masks this fact well and uses foreshadowing nicely. In one part where the main character is looking in on her parents by means of the witches powers and Hawthorne describes her parents as speaking †¦of a daughter, a wanderer they -Not only she had left him with pain and suffering for their child but she had also left him with pain and aversion towards her. She tried to run away from her daughter’s sickness and encroaching death, but by doing so only brought guilt and remorse upon herself. She must have known that her husband would have strong feelings of antipathy towards her and still willingly looked in on his life to see how he was. – The part in the story when she looked back towards her husband was the part of the story that stuck out the most as Nathaniel Hawthorne’s style of writing. This was a good example of his ‘Puritan Guilt Ethic’. She felt such remorse for leaving that the only good thing to do was to check up on him and see if he was all right. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the ‘Puritan Guilt Ethic’ in most of his short stories and novels and this is one example of him using it. – The daughter died of her illness as Hawthorne foreshadowed throughout the short story by writing such things as â€Å"into the tone of a death bell and â€Å"like lamplight on the wall of a sepulchre. The main character left her daughter to die and that is just what happened. Looking back in retrospect the main character probably would have stayed with her daughter. -As a mother watching her daughter’s funeral brigade must have broken her heart but watching it through a witches spell must have shattered it. –  Hawthorne’s main character chose to run like a coward and in the end paid the worst consequence of all. She gave up her life to witness the pain and suffering she had cause to others. With her daughter dead by disease, her husband infuriated with hatred and pain, and her parents filled with disgust and humiliation she had no one that cared about her at all because she couldn’t handle the emotional stress. How much emotional stress does it seem she caused to others in the end though? She tried to escape her duties as a wife and mother but they just followed her to the very end

Competitive Strategies for Wal-Mart

The emergence of Wal-Mart as a big box retailer has changed retail in the United States, according to a 2008 article on Wal-Mart and competition in AllBusiness. com. Big box retailers typically have stores exceeding 50,000 square feet. This type of store is standard, with large windowless single-story buildings. Several other big box retailers like Toys â€Å"R† Us, Best Buy, Target, Lowe's and Home Depot have created competition for Wal-Mart. However, Wal-Mart has stood out as the perennial merchandise big box retailer, according to the AllBusiness. om article. Because of its big box status, Wal-Mart has exceeded small retailers in profits. Annual revenues for 2004 were slightly over $288 billion. Revenues in 2006 exceeded $350 billion. Wal-Mart maintains its status as a big box retailer by seeking profits through a high volume of low-price items. Low-Cost Leadership Wal-Mart's slogan is â€Å"Spend Less. Live Better. † The giant retailer prides itself on providing customers with low-cost items that beat competitors. Wal-Mart reported a 3.6   percent increase in net income from cost cutting, according to an August 2010 Associated Press article. Also read MGMT-QUIZ about types of competitive strategies Customers are cautious about spending because of a slow economy, and Wal-Mart continues to be their low-cost option. Customers choose to shop at Super Wal-Mart centers for groceries, rather than the local grocery store because of discounted items. For example, Wal-Mart offers $1 ketchup bottles and $4 for a case of soda. The Associated Press article stated that Wal-Mart benefited during the recession as affluent shoppers were forced to downgrade to cheaper options.

Filipino Mode of Thinking Essay

We, Filipinos, are considered hospitable and merry. It has been an attitude the majority enriches or embraces. For instance, looking into our hospitality, when a guest is present in our home, a treatment of respect and comfort will be provided for the person as if the guest is a member of the family. Whereas for being merry, when a problem emerges, a joke or two about the problem will be the response to make the atmosphere be calmer. All these qualities root from are â€Å"communal relationships†. Again we are known from these qualities. All of which are embedded in our culture that originated since pre-colonial times that we still carry today. A lot of things can still be considered to show our identity and uniqueness. It could either be present only in some areas or in the general public but all of these points to our Filipino mode of thinking. Our Filipino mode of thinking is considered as â€Å"oriental, non-dualistic, holistic and has unity between the subject and the object†. It is true on so many ways. Just observing the way our people act and build their houses are fitting cases. A Filipino identity is present even if one goes abroad; a habit that every Filipino will carry whenever he goes – the Filipino mode of thinking. A mode of thinking is a desirable element to have a rich culture and country; every country might as well have it but differs in their own notions or form. It may not apply to everyone due to the globalization, but a hint or two would still pass if there are people with that mode of thinking around that person. To give out examples of this Filipino mode of thinking, a lot can be stated. Two eminent cases are the tattooing art in the country and our â€Å"kamay-kamayan† eating or the buddlefeast. PhilippineTattoo Philippine tattooing has been an art since pre-colonial times which spreads to the three main islands of the country. The word â€Å"Pintados† (Painted Ones) was even dubbed for the Bisayans by the Spaniards. Tattooing is a phenomenon in the whole world nowadays that evolves since the early times. The so-called Pintados of the island of Visayas, Manobo of Mindanao and Kalinga of Luzon are the front runners of tattoo tradition and culture in the country. However, this tradition and art in the country has been partially diminishing in some of the tribes or areas. The few organizations and institutions are at times the only hope in trying to save this continuing crisis. PHILTAG, Mark of Four Waves Tribe and many others are the organizations that are reviving the tribal designs of our traditional tattooing tribes. These people advocate the start of a new revolution in Philippine Tattooing. It has been doing greatly for the past few years. At present, a lot of Filipinos here and abroad, and even those who are not Filipino, are having our tribal designs tattooed on them. Diversities and similarities are present for each country in terms of tattooing but it could still be identified through the processes or the designs themselves. Designs that depicts animals and nature which is one with the people that shows our mode of thinking is non-dualistic. Kamay-kamayan Filipinos are really fond in eating; it is seen in our fiestas, birthdays, wedding or just any party on that matter. These practices can also be the way one could show it hospitality and cheerfulness; for there are times when hosts give out carry-outs or take-outs for the guests or cases when even people the host does not know are invited or welcome. Eating has been essential to show one that he/she is high cultured using proper etiquette like the use of table knives, spoons and forks in different manners or activities. However, some Filipinos don’t practice such customs from time to time for they use their own hands to eat. It may look unhygienic or improper to others but it has been a practice that has been ongoing since before in our history; â€Å"Kamay-kamayan† or â€Å"kamayan† as they called it. I myself tried such a practice and discovered it is quite gratifying; and fitting for eating certain foods. It might as well be our bond to our ancestors which did not have those spoons and forks. It is still abundant in the country even in the urban areas. There are even restaurants that suggest people to eat with their bare hands. Also, â€Å"buddle feasts† are being a trend nowadays. It’s all about eating together, with a small or big number of people, having all the food on a same long tables sharing all these to everyone; another special thing about it is eating with your hands as well. This just shows that we live as a community and shows unity like that of the buddle feasts happening in the Philippine Military Academy and the annual event in Taguig that promotes unity and bonding. The sakop mentality and holistic concept also comes into play in this kind of practices. Eating with your hands may have its pros and cons but a culture correctly done will always be right and rich. Conclusion The Filipino mode of thinking is â€Å"oriental, non-dualistic, holistic and has unity between the subject and the object† as stated in first paragraph. The examples given show all these qualities. The Filipinos should also preserve and enrich these practices for the sake of the country’s culture. The country since before the coming of the Spaniards has a culture to be proud of. It is unique and shows the Filipino in its own way for â€Å"without culture, and the relative freedom it implies, society, even when perfect, is but a jungle. This is why any authentic creation is a gift to the future.†

Are Females Better Students Than Males Essay

Sajetha: As a whole, females do better than males in school. Am I saying that the individual female will always do better than the individual male? No. There are of course males who perform academically better than girls in school. However, speaking from a male’s point of view, female academic performance is higher than male academic performance. A simple Google search will also attest to this fact. Amy: Males are simply smarter. Thousands of years of male dominance must have meant something. Why would males be considered dominant by history? Because its a fact that was always proven. Males are born smarter, although they have a lot of sexual desires. Yeeting: The time has change. Come on. We might think that boys are good at everything†¦ And that is wrong. Most of the scientist might be boys, but what about Barbara McClintock-the one that found out that DNA and Irine Joliot-Curie-the one that found nuclear. I have to admit that girls are also better. Tvya: No gender is better than the other. Even if women generally test better than males, you can’t say that one gender is better at school than the other. It doesn’t matter what is in between a student’s legs as much as what is in between their ears. Society molds boys and girls into acting a certain way rather than the opposite. Sajetha: Girls are more dedicated. Girls have a tendency to dedicate more time and energies to their studies than boys. Girls typically set a schedule for studying that rarely is interrupted. This consistency ensures that studying will occur on a set and regular basis. Amy: No, females and males are equal students. Females are no better or worse students than males. Both genders have their pros and cons in terms of being a student, but more importantly, how great a student is is up to the individual. It’s really impossible to say if any one gender is better than  the other. They’re both equal. Yeeting: Intelligent, powerful and smart. Girls are more intelligent, discipline and matured than boys. Now a days in most of the universities girls are in the top of the list.What do you say? But boys think that they are more creative and intelligent. Tvya: Females are NOT better than Boys. Most people will tell you that girls are smarter than boys. A study by Dr. Paul Irving and Dr. Richard Lynn, states that the opposite is true. Despite the fact that girls get slightly better grades, males on average have a higher IQ than girls by about 5 points. The grades are merely a product of an educational system geared towards females. Sajetha: I’am a boy. Being a boy I will support girls as it is universal truth that girls are better students. I accept boys have stupid and nasty thoughts. Girls have a kind of discipline in them and they maintain it. Girls follow what the teacher say in class and boys usually do opposite. Only a few examples can be seen that boys seems to be better ones but other boys use to call them bookworms. But girls don’t do. Amy: No I do not believe this. This doesn’t mean that one is better than the other, this simply means that each excel in their own way. As for successful males versus females, it hasn’t been proven that females have more success in the future or that they are smarter. Yeeting: Yes they are Because girls are more mature than boys and they focus better and they get in trouble way more than boys. Also the female gender starts to mature a year or two earlier than the male gender so that’s why i think girls make better students than boys. Tvya: If females were better students than males why would males always be dominant. To choose a governor for your place country you would choose someone wise which shows men are better students than males because they are mostly the ones in power and to be in power you have to be a good student Sajetha: Females are always better student than the male. I am totally agree with this statement. That’s why they got the chance to study in old time and there was no chance of study of girls. Their family members think that this is not good to send females to school but females proof this that they are good they have right to study even they are better than the males in our classes. Amy: Are female students better or are males I think that males can be better than females in studies because if you see, that most of the best students in the world are males. Many people think that females are better in studies because it is a natural fact. This does not mean that males are not as good as females in a studious environment Yeeting: Of course! There is no doubt that the girls are superior than boys in every aspect. I think that the girls have more moral values than the guys. Girls make world but the boys just destroy it. By the way I KNOW that there is no need to explain the importance of girls because we all know that our world cannot run without them. Tvya: I say no they are the same. Each student are the same. Some can do good on day and the other can do bad. You cant chose which is better because at the end of it they are all just the same. I think that pupils shouldn’t be judged by the way they do their work we should just let them be them. Sajetha: Yes there are Because I said so. They are better because at school we are doing a debate on who are better students. And my group got girls are better students. So I did some research and I went on this website and I see that 6% more voted for boys than girls so I said girls are so it would be only 3% and then it told I have to write something if I brought it up a % so I wrote this. Amy: Definitely not — .. Affirmative action for females, a system designed for female learning patterns. As students are females better? No! But in current conditions, maybe. This is a very poor excuse to preach female  superiority, whereas if anything even hinting to superiority of males is taken with little seriousness and is seen as blatant sexism, double standards. Yeeting: I think that females are better at school Because as my school we got to go to a baseball game if you got straight a’s in all subjects there were like 15 people invited and only 1 guy got invited. So that why I think that girls are usually better students than guys but that’s at my school your school may be different. Tvya: I totally Disagree. I believe everyone’s equal . We are all born with the same brain capacity . We choose to study or not to study , women choose to study but it does not point a finger that they are smarter . We are the one’s that have control over ourselves . No one was born stupid!